《分析化学》中常见词汇中英对照

　《分析化学》中常见词汇的中英对照

　第一章绪论

　分析化学：analytical chemistry 定性分析：qualitative analysis 定量分析：quantitative analysis 物理分析：physical analysis

　物理化学分析：physico-chemical analysis 仪器分析法：instrumental analysis 流动注射分析法：flow injection analysis；FIA

　顺序注射分析法：sequentical injection analysis；SIA 化学计量学：chemometrics

　第二章误差的分析数据处理

　绝对误差：absolute error 相对误差：relative error 系统误差：systematic error 可定误差：determinate error

　随机误差：accidental error 不可定误差：indeterminate error 准确度：accuracy 精确度：precision

　偏差：debiation，d 平均偏差：average debiation 相对平均偏差：relative average debiation

　标准偏差(标准差)：standerd deviation；S 相对平均偏差：relatibe standard deviation；RSD

　变异系数：coefficient of variation 误差传递：propagation of error

　有效数字：significant figure 置信水平：confidence level

　显著性水平：level of significance 合并标准偏差(组合标准差)：pooled standard debiation

　舍弃商：rejection quotient；Q

　化学定量分析

　第三章滴定分析概论

　滴定分析法：titrametric analysis 滴定：titration 容量分析法：volumetric analysis

　化学计量点：stoichiometric point 等当点：equivalent point 电荷平衡：charge balance

　电荷平衡式：charge balance equation 质量平衡：mass balance

　物料平衡：material balance 质量平衡式：mass balance equation

　第四章酸碱滴定法

　酸碱滴定法：acid-base titrations 质子自递反应：autoprotolysis reaction 质子自递常数：autoprotolysis constant

　质子条件式：proton balance equation 酸碱指示剂：acid-base indicator 指示剂常数：indicator constant

　变色范围：colour change interval 混合指示剂：mixed indicator 双指示剂滴定法：double indicator titration

　第五章非水滴定法

　非水滴定法：nonaqueous titrations 质子溶剂：protonic solvent 酸性溶剂：acid solvent

　碱性溶剂：basic solvent 两性溶剂：amphototeric solvent 无质子溶剂：aprotic solvent

　均化效应：differentiating effect 区分性溶剂：differentiating solvent 离子化：ionization

　离解：dissociation 结晶紫：crystal violet 萘酚苯甲醇：α-naphthalphenol benzyl alcohol

　奎哪啶红：quinadinered 百里酚蓝：thymol blue 偶氮紫：azo violet

　溴酚蓝：bromophenol blue

　第六章配位滴定法

　配位滴定法：compleximetry 乙二胺四乙酸：ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA

　螯合物：chelate compound 金属指示剂：metal lochrome indcato r

　第七章氧化还原滴定法

　氧化还原滴定法：oxidation-reduction titration

　碘量法：iodimetry 溴量法：bromimetry]溴量法：bromine method 铈量法：cerimetry

　高锰酸钾法：potassium permanganate method 条件电位：conditional potential 溴酸钾法：potassium bromate method

　硫酸铈法：cerium sulphate method 偏高碘酸：metaperiodic acid 高碘酸盐：periodate

　亚硝酸钠法：sodium nitrite method 重氮化反应：diazotization reaction

　重氮化滴定法：diazotization titration 亚硝基化反应：nitrozation reaction

　亚硝基化滴定法：nitrozation titration 外指示剂：external indicator

　外指示剂：outside indicator 重铬酸钾法：potassium dichromate method

　第八章沉淀滴定法

　沉淀滴定法：precipitation titration 容量滴定法：volumetric precipitation method 银量法：argentometric method

　第九章重量分析法

　重量分析法：gravimetric analysis 挥发法：volatilization method

　引湿水(湿存水)：water of hydroscopicity 包埋(藏)水：occluded water

　吸入水：water of imbibition 结晶水：water of crystallization

　组成水：water of composition 液-液萃取法：liquid-liquid extration

　溶剂萃取法：solvent extration 反萃取：counter extraction

　分配系数：partition coefficient 分配比：distribution ratio

　离子对(离子缔合物)：ion pair 沉淀形式：precipitation forms

　称量形式：weighing forms

　《分析化学》下册

　仪器分析概述

　物理分析：physical analysis 物理化学分析：physicochemical analysis 仪器分析：instrumental analysis

　第十章电位法及永停滴定法

　电化学分析：electrochemical analysis 电解法：electrolytic analysis method 电重量法：electtogravimetry

　库仑法：coulometry 库仑滴定法：coulometric titration 电导法：conductometry

　电导分析法：conductometric analysis 电导滴定法：conductometric titration 电位法：potentiometry

　直接电位法：dirext potentiometry 电位滴定法：potentiometric titration 伏安法：voltammetry

　极谱法：polarography 溶出法：stripping method

　电流滴定法：amperometric titration 化学双电层：chemical double layer

　相界电位：phase boundary potential 金属电极电位：electrode potential

　化学电池：chemical cell 液接界面：liquid junction boundary

　原电池：galvanic cell

　电解池：electrolytic cell 银-氯化银电极：silver silver-chloride electrode

　液接界面：liquid junction boun 不对称电位：asymmetry potential

　表观 PH 值：apparent PH 复合 PH 电极：combination PH electrode

　离子选择电极：ion selective electrode 敏感器：sensor

　晶体电极：crystalline electrodes 均相膜电极：homogeneous membrance electrodes

　非均相膜电极：heterog eneous membrance electrodes

　非晶体电极：non-crystalline electrodes 刚性基质电极：rigid matrix electr ode

　负极：cathrode 正极：anode 电池电动势：eletromotive force

　指示电极：indicator electrode 参比电极：reference electroade

　标准氢电极：standard hydrogen electrode 一级参比电极：primary reference electrode

　饱和甘汞电极：standard calomel electrode 银-氯化银电极：silver silver-chloride electrode

　液接界面：liquid junction boundary 不对称电位：asymmetry potential

　表观 PH 值：apparent PH 复合 PH 电极：combination PH electrode

　离子选择电极：ion selective electrode 敏感器：sensor 晶体电极：crystalline electrodes

　均相膜电极：homogeneous membrance electrodes 非均相膜电极：heterog eneous membrance electrodes

　非晶体电极：non-crystalline electrodes 刚性基质电极：rigid matrix electrode

　流流体载动电极：electrode with amobile carrier 气敏电极：gas sensing electrodes

　酶电极：enzyme electrodes 金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管：MOSFET 离子选择场效应管：ISFET

　总离子强度调节缓冲剂：total ion strength adjustment buffer,TISAB永停滴定法：dead-stop titration

　双电流滴定法(双安培滴定法)：double amperometric titration

　第十一章光谱分析法概论

　普朗克常数：Plank constant 电磁波谱：electromagnetic spectrum 光谱：spectrum

　光谱分析法：spectroscopic analysis 原子发射光谱法：atomic emission spectroscopy

　质量谱：mass spectrum 质谱法：mass spectroscopy,MS

　第十二章紫外-可见分光光度法

　紫外-可见分光光度法：ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry；UV-vis

　肩峰：shoulder peak 末端吸收：end absorbtion

　生色团：chromophor 助色团：auxochrome 红移：red shift 长移：bathochromic shift 短移：hypsochromic shift

　蓝(紫)移：blue shift 增色效应(浓色效应)：hyperchromic effect 减色效应(淡色效应)：hypochromic effect

　强带：strong band 弱带：weak band 吸收带：absorption band 透光率：transmitance,T 吸光度：absorbance

　谱带宽度：band width 杂散光：stray light 噪声：noise 暗噪声：dark noise 散粒噪声：signal shot nois 闪耀光栅：blazed grating 全息光栅：holographic graaing 光二极管阵列检测器：photodiode array detector

　偏最小二乘法：partial least squares method,PLS 褶合光谱法：convolution spectrometry 褶合变换：convolution transform,CT

　离散小波变换：wavelet transform,WT 多尺度细化分析：multiscale analysis 供电子取代基：electron donating group

　吸电子取代基：electron with-drawing group

　第十三章荧光分析法

　荧光：fluorescence 荧光分析法：fluorometry X-射线荧光分析法：X-ray fulorometry

　原子荧光分析法：atomic fluorometry 分子荧光分析法：molecular fluorometry 振动弛豫：vibrational relexation

　内转换：internal conversion 外转换：external conversion 体系间跨越：intersystem crossing

　激发光谱：excitation spectrum 荧光光谱：fluorescence spectrum 斯托克斯位移：Stokes shift

　荧光寿命：fluorescence life time 荧光效率：fluorescence efficiency 荧光量子产率：fluorescence quantum yield

　荧光熄灭法：fluorescence quemching method 散射光：scattering light

　瑞利光：Reyleith scanttering light 拉曼光：Raman scattering light

　第十四章红外分光光度法

　红外线：infrared ray,IR 中红外吸收光谱：mid-infrared absorption spectrum,Mid-IR

　远红外光谱：Far-IR 微波谱：microwave spectrum,MV 红外吸收光谱法：infrared spectroscopy

　红外分光光度法：infrared spectrophotometry 振动形式：mode of vibration

　伸缩振动：stretching vibration 对称伸缩振动：symmetrical stretching vibration

　不对称伸缩振动：asymmetrical stretching vibration 弯曲振动：bending vibration

　变形振动：formation vibration 面内弯曲振动：in-plane bending vibration,β 剪式振动：scissoring vibration,δ

　面内摇摆振动：rocking vibration,ρ 面外弯曲振动：out-of-plane bending vibration,γ

　面外摇摆振动：wagging vibration,ω 蜷曲振动：twisting vibration,τ

　对称变形振动：symmetrical deformation vibration,δs 不对称变形振动：asymmetrical deformation vibration,δas

　特征吸收峰：charateristic avsorption band 特征频率：characteristic frequency

　相关吸收峰：correlation absorption band

　杂化影响：hybridization affect 环大小效应：ring size effect

　吸收峰的强度：intensity of absorption band 环折叠振动：ring prckering vibration

　第十五章原子吸收分光光度法

　原子光谱法：atomic spectroscopy 原子吸收分光光度法：atomic absorption spectrophotometry,AAS

　原子发射分光光度法：atomic emmsion spectrophotometry,AES

　原子荧光分光光度法：atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry,AFS

　第十六章核磁共振波谱法

　核磁共振：nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR 核磁共振波谱：NMR spectrum

　核磁共振波谱法：NMR spectroscopy 扫场：swept field

　扫频：seept frequency 连续波核磁共振：continuous wave NMR,CW NMR Fourier 变换 NMR：PFT-NMR,FT-NMR

　二维核磁共振谱：2D-NMR 质子核磁共振谱：proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR

　氢谱：1H-NMR 碳-13 核磁共振谱：13C-NMR spectrum,13CNMR

　自旋角动量：spin angular momentum 磁旋比：magnetogyric ratio

　磁量子数：magnetic quantum number,m 进动：precession

　弛豫历程：relaxation mechanism 局部抗磁屏蔽：local diamagnetic shielding

　屏蔽常数：shielding constant

　化学位移：chemical shift 国际纯粹与应用化学协会：IUPAC

　磁各向异性：magnetic anisotropy 远程屏蔽效应：long range shielding effect

　结面：nodal plane 自旋-自旋偶合：spin-spin coupling

　自旋-自旋分裂：spin=spin splitting 单峰：singlet,s

　双峰：doublet,d 三重峰：triplet,t 四重峰：quartet 五重峰：quintet六重峰：sextet

　偕偶：geminal coupling 邻偶：vicinal coupling

　远程偶合：long range coupling 磁等价：magnetic eqivalence

　自旋系统：spin system 一级光谱：first order spectrum 二级光谱(二级图谱)：second order spectrum C-H 光谱：C-H correlated spectroscopy,C-H COSY

　第十七章质谱法

　质谱分析法：mass spectrometry 质谱：mass spectrum,MS 棒图：bar graph

　选择离子检测：selected ion monitoring,SIM 直接进样：direct probe inlet,DPI 接口：interface

　气相色谱-质谱联用：gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS

　高效液相色谱-质谱联用：high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS

　电子轰击离子源：electron impact source,EI 离子峰：quasi-molecular ions 化学离子源：chemical ionization source,CI

　场电离：field ionization,FI 场解析：field desorptiion,FD 快速原子轰击离子源：fast stom bombardment,FAB

　质量分析器：mass analyzer 磁质谱仪：magnetic-sector mass spectrometer

　四极杆质谱仪(四极质谱仪)：quadrupole mass spectrometer 原子质量单位：amu

　离子丰度：ion abundance 相对丰度(相对强度)：relative avundance

　基峰：base peak 质量范围：mass range 分辨率：resolution

　灵敏度：sensitivity 信噪比：S/N 分子离子：molecular ion

　碎片离子：fragment ion 同位素离子：isotopic ion 亚稳离子：metastable ion

　亚稳峰：metastable peak 母离子：paren ion 子离子：daughter

　含奇数个电子的离子：odd electron 含偶数个电子的离子：even eletron,EE

　均裂：hom olytic cleavage 异裂(非均裂)：heterolytic cleavage

　半均裂：hemi-homolysis cleavage 重排：rearragement 分子量：MW

　α-裂解：α-cleavage

　第十八章色谱分析法概论

　色谱法(层析法)：chromatography 固定相：stationary phase 流动相：mobile phase

　超临界流体色谱法：SFC 高效毛细管电泳法：high performance capillary electroporesis,HPEC

　气相色谱法：gas chromatography,GC 液相色谱法：liquid cromatography,LC

　超临界流体色谱法：supercritical fluid chromatography,SFC

　气-固色谱法：GSC 气-液色谱法：GLC 液-固色谱法：LSC

　液-液色谱法：LLC 柱色谱法：column chromatography

　填充柱：packed column 毛细管柱：capillary column

　微填充柱：icrobore packed column 高效液相色谱法：high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC

　平板色谱法：planar 平板色谱法：plane chromatography

　纸色谱法：paper chromatography 薄层色谱法：thin layer chromatography,TLC

　薄膜色谱法；thiin film chomatography 毛细管电泳法：capillary electrophoresis,CE

　分配色谱法：partition chromatography 吸附色谱法：adsorpion chromaography

　离子交换色谱法：ion exchange chromatography,IEC 空间排阻色谱法：steric exclusion chromatography,SEC

　亲和色谱法：affinity chromatography 分配系数：distribution cofficient

　狭义分配系数：partition coefficient 凝胶色谱法：gel chromatography

　凝胶渗透色谱法：gel permeation chromatography,GPC 凝胶过滤色谱法：gel filtration chromatography,GFC

　渗透系数：permeation coefficien；Kp 化学键合相色谱法：chemically bonded-phase chromatography

　分配系数：distribution coefficient 靛菁绿：indocyanine

　气相色谱-傅立叶变换红外光谱：GC-FTIR

　第十九章经典液相色谱法

　薄层色谱法：TLC 吸附：adsorption 活化：activation

　脱活性：deactivation 交联度：degree of cross linking 交换容量：exchange capacity

　薄层板：thin layer plate 展开剂：developing solvent,developer 临界胶束浓度：criticak micolle concentration,CMC

　相对比移值：relative Rf,Rr 分离度：resolution,R 分离数：separation number,SN

　煅石膏：Gypsum 羧甲基纤维素钠：CMC-Na 吸收光谱联用：TLC-UV

　薄层色谱-荧光联用：TLC-F 薄层色谱-红外吸收光谱联用：TLC-IR 薄层色谱法：TLC-MS

　纸色谱法：paper chromatography 上行展开：ascending development 下行法展开：descending development

　双向展开：two dimensional develoooment

　第二十章气相色谱法

　气相色谱法：gas chromatography 前延峰：leading peak 拖尾峰：tailing peak

　对称因子：symmetry factor,fs 保留时间：retention time 保留体积：retention volume

　死时间：dead time 调整保留时间：asjusted retention time 半峰宽：peak width at half height,W1/2 or Y1/2

　峰宽：peak width,W

　等温线：isotherm 理论塔板高度：height equivalent to atheoretical plate

　化学键合相：chemically bonded phase 丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯：polydiethylene glycol succinate,PDEGS,DEGS

　高分子多孔微球：GDX 苯乙烯：STY 乙基乙烯苯：EST

　二乙烯苯：DVB

　涂壁毛细管柱：wall coated open tubular column,WCOT 载体涂层毛细管柱：supprot coated open tubular column,SCOT

　热导检测器：thermal conductivity detector,TCD 氢焰离子化检测器：hydrogen flame ionization detector,FID

　电子捕获检测器：electron capture detector,ECD 噪声：noise,N

　漂移：drift,d 灵敏度：sensitivity

　检测限(敏感度)：detectability,D,M 分离度：resolution

　归一化法：normalization method 外标法：external standardization

　第二十一章高效液相色谱法

　高效液相色谱法：high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC 高速液相色谱法：high speed LC,HSLC

　高压液相色谱法：high pressure LC,HPLC 高分辨液相色谱法：high resolution LC,HRLC

　液固吸附色谱法(液固色谱法)：liquid-solid adsorption chromatography,LSC

　液液色谱法：liquid-liquid chromatography,LLC 正相：normal phase,NP

　反相：reversed phase,RP 化学键合相色谱法：bonded phase chromatography,BPC

　十八烷基：octadecylselyl,ODS 离子对色谱法：paired ion chromatography,PIC

　反相离子对色谱法：RPIC 离子抑制色谱法：ion suppression chromatography,ISC

　离子色谱法：ion chromatography,IC 手性色谱法：chiral chromatography,CC

　环糊精色谱法：cyclodextrin chromatography,CDC 胶束色谱法：micellar chromatography,MC

　亲和色谱法：affinity chromatography,AC 固定相：station ary phase

　化学键合相：chemically bonde phase 封尾、封顶、遮盖：end capping

　手性固定相：chiral stationary phase,CSP 恒组成溶剂洗脱：isocraic elution

　梯度洗脱：gradient elution 紫外检测器：ultraviolet detector,UVD

　荧光检测器：fluorophotomeric detector,FD 电化学检测器：ECD

　示差折光检测器：RID 光电二极管检测器：photodiode array detector,DAD 三维光谱-波谱图：3D-spectrochromatogram 蒸发光散射检测器：evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD

　安培检测器：ampere detector,AD

　高效毛细管电泳法：high performance capillary electrophoresis,HPCE

　淌度：mobility 电泳：electrophoresis

　电渗：electroosmosis 动力进样：hydrodynamic injection

　电动进样：electrokinetic injection 毛细管区带电泳法：capillary zone electrophoresis,CZE

　胶束电动毛细管色谱：micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,MECC

　毛细管凝胶电泳：capillary gel electrophoresis,CGE 筛分：sieving

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