不同有机物料对烤烟根际土壤碳库、酶活性及根系活力的影响
对照，研究草炭、生物炭、汽爆玉米秸秆对烤烟根际土壤碳库、酶活性和根系活力的影响。结果表明，与对照相比，各处理土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量在烤烟不同生育期都有显著提高，移栽后90 d时总有机碳含量最多增加45.24%，活性有机碳含量最多增加238.70%，草炭和汽爆玉米秸稈提高了根际土壤碳库活度和AOC/TOC比例，生物炭降低了碳库活度和AOC/TOC比例；汽爆玉米秸秆提高了土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性，在烤烟不同生育期最多分别比对照提高了66.03%和210.32%，草炭和生物炭对土壤酶活性影响不显著，但延缓了成熟期根系衰老，汽爆玉米秸秆对烟株根系活力有一定抑制作用。因此，施用有机物料均可提高烤烟根际土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量，但对酶活性和根系活力效果不一致，尚需开展大田及长期定位试验进一步研究。
关键词：有机物料；土壤碳库；酶活性；根系活力；烤烟
中图分类号：S572.01 文章编号：1007-5119（2018）02-0039-07 DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2018.02.006
Effects of Different Organic Materials on Rhizosphere Soil Carbon Pool， Enzyme Activity and Root Activity of Flue-cured Tobacco
ZHANG Lu1， REN Tianbao1，2， YAN Haitao1， LI Pengyan1， DU Feile1， LI Jingyang1， WU Jianan1，
LIU Yingjie3， WANG Shengwei3， LIU Guoshun1，2*
（1. Henan Agricultural University， Tobacco Cultivation Key Laboratory of Tobacco Industry， Zhengzhou 450002， China； 2. Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan， Zhengzhou 450002， China； 3. Zhengzhou Tobacco Company of Henan Province， Zhengzhou 450003， China）
Abstract： This study was conducted with pot experiment， trying to analyze the modifying effects of different organic materials on tobacco planting soil and optimize effective cycling utilization of agricultural waste resources. Three different types of organic materials were used in this study including peat， biochar and steam explosion corn straw， to explore their effects on carbon， enzymatic activity of tobacco planting soil and tobacco root activity. The results showed that with the action of organic materials， the contents of soil total organic carbon and active organic carbon in different treatments all increased significantly compared with the control. The total organic carbon content increased by 45.24% 90 d after transplanting， and the active organic carbon content increased by 238.7%. Peat and steam explosion corn straw promoted the rhizosphere soil carbon pool activity and AOC/TOC， while biochar reduced soil carbon pool activity and AOC/TOC. The effects of different materials on enzyme activity and root activity were different. The activities of soil urease and invertase were promoted by steam explosion corn straw， increased by 66.03% and 210.32% compared with the control， respectively. Peat and biochar had no significant effect on soil enzyme activity but delayed root senescence at mature stages. Steam explosion corn straw inhibited root activity of tobacco plant.